That's The Way It Is !
I can read your mind and I know your story
I see what you're going through
It's an uphill climb, and I'm feeling sorry
But I know it will come to you
Don't surrender 'cause you can win
In this thing called love
When you want it the most there's no easy way out
When you're ready to go and your heart's left in doubt
Don't give up on your faith
Love comes to those who believe it
And that's the way it is
When you question me for a simple answer
I don't know what to say, no
But it's plain to see, if you stick together
You're gonna find a way, yeah
So don't surrender 'cause you can win
In this thing called love
When you want it the most there's no easy way out
When you're ready to go and your heart's left in doubt
Don't give up on your faith
Love comes to those who believe it
And that's the way it is
When life is empty with no tomorrow
And loneliness starts to call
Baby, don't worry, forget your sorrow
'Cause love's gonna conquer it all, all
When you want it the most there's no easy way out
When you're ready to go and your heart's left in doubt
Don't give up on your faith
Love comes to those who believe it
And that's the way it is
When you want it the most there's no easy way out
When you're ready to go and your heart's left in doubt
Don't give up on your faith
Love comes to those who believe it
And that's the way it is
That's the way it is
That's the way it is, babe
Don't give up on your faith
Love comes to those who believe it
And that's the way it is.
Monday, September 24, 2007
Wednesday, September 19, 2007
Love is.....
"အခ်စ္ဆိုတာ ပိုင္ဆိုင္ျခင္းေတာ့ မဟုတ္တာေသခ်ာတယ္၊ ဒါဆိုရင္ စြန္႔လႊတ္ျခင္းမ်ားလား၊ ကြၽန္ေတာ္ကေတာ့ အခ်စ္ဆိုတာ ခ်စ္ေနဖို႔လို႔ပဲထင္ပါတယ္။ အဲဒီေတာ့ သူကြၽန္ေတာ့္နားမွာရွိသည္ျဖစ္ေစ မရွိေတာ့ဘူးျဖစ္ေစ ကြၽန္ေတာ္သူ႔ကို ခ်စ္ေနမွာပါပဲ...."
စိုင္းစိုင္းခမ္းလႈိင္
စိုင္းစိုင္းခမ္းလႈိင္
"One word frees us of all the weight and pain of life: That word is love." - Sophocles
"Attention is the most basic form of love; through it we bless and are blessed." - John Tarrant
"We love because it's the only true adventure." - Nikki Giovanni
Sometimes love is stronger than a man's convictions." - Isaac Bashevis Singer
"Love is the master key that opens the gates of happiness." - Oliver Wendell Holmes
"Maybe love is like luck. You have to go all the way to find it." - Robert Mitchum
"Love stretches your heart and makes you big inside." - Margaret Walker
"Love has no awareness of merit or demerit; it has no scale... Love loves; this is its nature." - Howard Thurman
"Love is like war: Easy to begin but hard to end." - Anonymous
"To love is to suffer. To avoid suffering one must not love. But then one suffers from not loving. Therefore to love is to suffer, not to love is to suffer. To suffer is to suffer. To be happy is to love. To be happy then is to suffer. But suffering makes one unhappy. Therefore, to be unhappy one must love, or love to suffer, or suffer from too much happiness. I hope you're getting this down." - Woody Allen,
Monday, September 17, 2007
i can't sleep tonight!
အိပ္မရတဲ့ည (ေရး ၊ ဆို - ခင္၀မ္း)
- မြန္းသိပ္က်ပ္တဲ့ အခုညမွာ
ထြက္ေပါက္မရွိလို႔ စိတ္ညစ္ေန
တစ္ခါ တစ္ခါ ေလာကကို
ဘယ္လိုလုပ္ျပီး......ရင္ဆိုင္ရမလဲ
မေတြးတတ္သလိုပဲ....အားငယ္ေန
အေမွာင္ထုေအာက္မွာ....အခုညေတာ့
စိတ္ေတေလ။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
- အေ၀းကၾကားတဲ့....သီခ်င္းသံဟာ
ညအေမွာင္ေအာက္မွာ...နိးကပ္လာ
ဒီလူဟာ...ညတစ္ညကို
ေတးဆိုရင္းနဲ႔...ျဖည့္ဆည္းရွာတယ္
သူ႔အဖို႔မွာေတာ့ ေပ်ာ္ေနမယ္
ကိုယ့္အေတြးထဲမွာ
စိတ္ေျဖစရာ....ကင္းလြန္းတယ္။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
- ဒီလိုပဲ...ထုိင္ရင္းနဲ႔
မိုးအလင္းေစာင့္ရမယ့္ အေျခအေန
တစ္ကမၻာလံုးမွာ
ကိုယ္တစ္ေယာက္တည္းရွိေနသလို
ခံစားရေတာ့
စိတ္ထဲမွာ တစ္မ်ိဳးပဲ
နာရီေခါက္သံဟာ ေျခာက္ကပ္ကပ္နဲ႔
ညဥ့္ယံကို သတ္မွတ္ေန
အိုး....ဒိညမွာ တစ္မ်ိဳးပဲေလ။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
- အေတြးေခါင္တိုင္းလည္း ေတြးလို႔သာ
ေမ့ခ်င္တိုင္းလည္း ေမ့မရပါ
ဒီညဟာ...ကိုယ့္စိတ္ကို
တကယ္ညႇဥ္းဖို႔ျဖစ္လာသလိုပဲ
ေတြးရျပန္ေတာ့ သတိရတယ္
အတိတ္ေဟာင္းဆိုတာ
လူတစ္ကာမွာ....ရွိမွာပဲ။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
(ဒီလိုပဲ.....ထုိင္ရင္းနဲ႔......ဒီညမွာ တစ္မ်ိဳးပဲေလ)
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
- မြန္းသိပ္က်ပ္တဲ့ အခုညမွာ
ထြက္ေပါက္မရွိလို႔ စိတ္ညစ္ေန
တစ္ခါ တစ္ခါ ေလာကကို
ဘယ္လိုလုပ္ျပီး......ရင္ဆိုင္ရမလဲ
မေတြးတတ္သလိုပဲ....အားငယ္ေန
အေမွာင္ထုေအာက္မွာ....အခုညေတာ့
စိတ္ေတေလ။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
- အေ၀းကၾကားတဲ့....သီခ်င္းသံဟာ
ညအေမွာင္ေအာက္မွာ...နိးကပ္လာ
ဒီလူဟာ...ညတစ္ညကို
ေတးဆိုရင္းနဲ႔...ျဖည့္ဆည္းရွာတယ္
သူ႔အဖို႔မွာေတာ့ ေပ်ာ္ေနမယ္
ကိုယ့္အေတြးထဲမွာ
စိတ္ေျဖစရာ....ကင္းလြန္းတယ္။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
- ဒီလိုပဲ...ထုိင္ရင္းနဲ႔
မိုးအလင္းေစာင့္ရမယ့္ အေျခအေန
တစ္ကမၻာလံုးမွာ
ကိုယ္တစ္ေယာက္တည္းရွိေနသလို
ခံစားရေတာ့
စိတ္ထဲမွာ တစ္မ်ိဳးပဲ
နာရီေခါက္သံဟာ ေျခာက္ကပ္ကပ္နဲ႔
ညဥ့္ယံကို သတ္မွတ္ေန
အိုး....ဒိညမွာ တစ္မ်ိဳးပဲေလ။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
- အေတြးေခါင္တိုင္းလည္း ေတြးလို႔သာ
ေမ့ခ်င္တိုင္းလည္း ေမ့မရပါ
ဒီညဟာ...ကိုယ့္စိတ္ကို
တကယ္ညႇဥ္းဖို႔ျဖစ္လာသလိုပဲ
ေတြးရျပန္ေတာ့ သတိရတယ္
အတိတ္ေဟာင္းဆိုတာ
လူတစ္ကာမွာ....ရွိမွာပဲ။
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
(ဒီလိုပဲ.....ထုိင္ရင္းနဲ႔......ဒီညမွာ တစ္မ်ိဳးပဲေလ)
(ဒီည....အိပ္မရတဲ့ည) ၂ ။
Friday, September 14, 2007
Life is....
LIfe is a challenge meet it.
Life is a gift accept it,
LIfe is adventure dare it,
Life is sorrow overcome it,
Life is tragedy face it.
ဘ၀ဟာ စိန္ေခၚလာရင္ ေတြ႔ဆံုလိုက္ပါ။
ဘ၀က လက္ေဆာင္ေပးလာရင္ လက္ခံလိုက္ေပါ့။
ဘ၀ဟာ စြန္႔စားခန္းဆိုရင္ သတၲိေမြးလိုက္ေပါ့။
ဘ၀က ၀မ္းနည္းဖြယ္ဆိုရင္ ျဖတ္ေက်ာ္လိုက္ေပါ့။
ဘ၀ဟာ ေၾကကြဲဖြယ္အလြမ္းဇာတ္ဆိုရင္ မ်က္ႏွာခ်င္းဆိုက္လိုက္။
သရဖူ မဂၢဇင္း ( စက္တာဘာလ၊၂၀၀၇ထုတ္)
Life is a gift accept it,
LIfe is adventure dare it,
Life is sorrow overcome it,
Life is tragedy face it.
ဘ၀ဟာ စိန္ေခၚလာရင္ ေတြ႔ဆံုလိုက္ပါ။
ဘ၀က လက္ေဆာင္ေပးလာရင္ လက္ခံလိုက္ေပါ့။
ဘ၀ဟာ စြန္႔စားခန္းဆိုရင္ သတၲိေမြးလိုက္ေပါ့။
ဘ၀က ၀မ္းနည္းဖြယ္ဆိုရင္ ျဖတ္ေက်ာ္လိုက္ေပါ့။
ဘ၀ဟာ ေၾကကြဲဖြယ္အလြမ္းဇာတ္ဆိုရင္ မ်က္ႏွာခ်င္းဆိုက္လိုက္။
သရဖူ မဂၢဇင္း ( စက္တာဘာလ၊၂၀၀၇ထုတ္)
Thursday, September 13, 2007
Dr. Josef Mengele ( Death of Angle)
Josef Mengele
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Josef Mengele (March 16, 1911 – February 7, 1979), was a German SS officer and a physician in the German Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau. He gained notoriety chiefly for being one of the SS physicians who supervised the selection of arriving transports of prisoners, determining who was to be killed and who was to become a forced laborer, and for performing human experiments on camp inmates, amongst whom Mengele was known as the Angel of Death.
After the war, he first hid in Germany under an assumed name, then escaped and lived in South America, first in Argentina (until 1959) and finally in Brazil, where he accidentally drowned. This was confirmed using DNA testing on his remains.
Early years and career
Mengele was born in Günzburg, Bavaria, eldest of three sons of Karl Mengele (1881–1959), a well-to-do industrialist, and his wife Walburga Hupfauer (d. 1946). He had two younger brothers, Karl (1912–1949) and Alois (1914–1974).
In 1930, Mengele left Günzburg gymnasium (high school). He studied medicine and anthropology at the University of Munich, earning a doctorate in Anthropology (Ph.D.), supervised by Prof. Theodor Mollison, in 1935 with a dissertation on racial differences in the structure of the lower jaw. He worked as an assistant to Otmar von Verschuer at the Frankfurt University Institute of Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene. In 1938 he obtained a doctorate in medicine (M.D.) with a dissertation called "Familial Research on cleft lip and palate and Jaw." His belief in the Nazi racial ideology was already evident in his academic research.[1] The Universities of Munich and Frankfurt revoked his degrees in 1964.
In 1931, at the age of 20, Mengele joined the Stahlhelm, a paramilitary organization, which was incorporated into the SA in 1933. He resigned shortly thereafter, alluding to health problems. He applied for Nazi party membership in 1937 and in 1938 joined the SS.[2] In 1939, Mengele married his first wife, Irene Schönbein, with whom he had one child, a son named Rolf.
In 1940 he was placed in the reserve medical corps, following which he served with a Waffen-SS unit. In 1942 he was wounded at the Russian front and was pronounced medically unfit for combat, and promoted to the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer (Captain). During his service on the Eastern Front during 1941-1942, Mengele received the Iron Cross, both first class and second class, the Wound Badge in black, and the Eastern Front Medal.
Auschwitz
In 1943 Mengele replaced another doctor who had fallen ill at the Nazi extermination camp Birkenau. On May 24, 1943, he became medical officer of Auschwitz-Birkenau's "Gypsy camp." In August 1944, this camp was liquidated and all its inmates gassed. Subsequently Mengele became Chief Medical Officer of the main infirmary camp at Birkenau. He was not, though, the Chief Medical Officer of Auschwitz — superior to him was SS-Standortarzt (garrison physician) Eduard Wirths.
It was during his 21-month stay at Auschwitz that Mengele achieved infamy, and it is for this period that he is referred to as the Angel of Death. Mengele took turns with the other SS physicians at Auschwitz in meeting incoming prisoners at the ramp, determining who would be retained for work and who would be sent to the gas chambers immediately.[3]
Human experimentation
Mengele used Auschwitz as an opportunity to continue his research on heredity, using inmates for human experimentation. He was particularly interested in twins, who were selected and placed in special barracks. He also studied a disease called Noma, which particularly affected children from the Gypsy camp. While the cause of Noma remains relatively unknown, it is now known that it affects chiefly children suffering from malnutrition and a weak immune system, and many develop the disease shortly after having suffered another illness like measles or tuberculosis. Mengele tried to prove that Noma was caused by racial inferiority.[4]
Mengele took an interest in physical abnormalities discovered among the arrivals at the concentration camp. This included dwarves, notably the Ovitz family, a Jewish Romanian artist's family, seven of whose ten members were dwarves. Prior to their deportation they toured in Eastern Europe as the Lilliput Troupe. He often called them "my dwarf family"; to him they seemed to be the perfect expression of "the abnorm."
Mengele's experiments were of dubious scientific value, including attempts to change eye colour by injecting chemicals into children's eyes, various amputations of limbs and other brutal surgeries. Rena Gelissen's account of her time in Auschwitz details certain experiments performed on female prisoners around October 1943. During roll calls Mengele would show up to perform a "special work detail" selection, which fooled some into thinking that this would be a relief from the otherwise hard labour they were performing. Mengele would experiment on the chosen girls, performing sterilization and shock treatments. Most of the victims died, either due to the experiments or later infections.
A Hungarian Jewish prisoner doctor, Miklos Nyiszli, who was an experienced pathologist and had studied in Germany, was chosen to work as Mengele's assistant, and wrote about his experiences. The subjects of Mengele's research were better fed and housed than ordinary prisoners and were for the time being safe from the gas chambers. To Mengele they were nevertheless not fellow human beings, but rather material on which to conduct his experiments. On several occasions he killed subjects simply to be able to dissect them afterwards.[1]
After Auschwitz
When the SS abandoned the Auschwitz Death Camp on January 17, 1945, Mengele came to Groß Rosen camp in lower Silesia, again working as camp physician. Groß Rosen was dissolved in the end of February, when the Red Army was already very near. Mengele worked in other camps for a short time, and, on May 2, joined a Wehrmacht medical unit led by his former colleague at the Institute of Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene, Dr. Hans Otto Kahler, in Bohemia. The unit hurried west to avoid being captured by the Soviets and were taken as POWs by the Americans. Mengele, initially registered under his own name, was released in June 1945 with papers giving his name as "Fritz Hollmann." From July 1945 until May 1949, he worked as a farmhand in a small village near Rosenheim, Bavaria, staying in contact with his wife and his old friend Hans Sedlmeier. It was Sedlmeier who arranged Mengele's escape to Argentina via Innsbruck, Sterzing, Merano and Genova. Mengele may have been assisted by the ODESSA network.[5]
Mengele in South America
In Buenos Aires, Mengele at first worked as a construction worker, but came in contact with influential Germans soon, which allowed him an affluent lifestyle for the next years. He also got money from his family and from Sedlmeier. In Buenos Aires, he got to know other notorious Nazis such as Hans-Ulrich Rudel and Adolf Eichmann. In 1955, he bought a fifty per cent share of a pharmaceutical company, the same year he divorced from his wife, Irene. Three years later he married Martha Mengele, the widow of his younger brother Karl Jr.; she then came to Argentina with her then fourteen-year-old son, Dieter.
Although he was doing well in South America, Mengele feared being captured so he left Argentina in 1959 and moved to Paraguay after managing to get a Paraguayan passport on the name "Mengele José". Mengele hoped that Paraguay would be safer for him, as dictator Alfredo Stroessner was of German descent. Among other locations in Paraguay, he lived on the outskirts of Hohenau, a German colony in the department of Itapúa. His anxiety, however, haunted him, especially after he heard of the Mossad's abduction of Eichmann and the trial and execution in Israel. Using the identity of "Peter Hochbichler", he crossed the border to Brazil in 1960 and lived in São Paulo with the Austrian-born Neo-Nazi Wolfgang Gerhard, who was a member of Hans-Ulrich Rudel's "Kameradenwerk."
The same year, Mengele moved to Nova Europa, about three hundred kilometres (186 miles) outside São Paulo, where he lived with the Hungarian refugees Geza and Gitta Stammer, working as manager of their farm. In the seclusion of his Brazilian hideaway, Mengele became depressed, egomaniacal and aggressive, always fearing being captured. In 1974, when his relationship with the Stammer family was coming to an end, Rudel and Gerhard discussed relocating Mengele to Bolivia where he could spend time with Klaus Barbie, but Mengele rejected this proposal. Instead, he lived in a bungalow in a suburb of São Paulo for the last years of his life. In 1977, his only son Rolf, never having known his father before, visited him there and found an unrepentant Nazi who claimed he "had never personally harmed anyone in his whole life."[6]
Mengele, whose health had deteriorated for years, died on February 7, 1979, in Santos, Brazil, when he suffered a stroke while swimming in the sea. He was buried in Embu under the name "Wolfgang Gerhard," whose ID-card he had used since 1976.
The manhunt for Mengele
Mengele was listed on the Allies' list of war criminals as early as 1944, his name was mentioned in the Nuremberg trials several times, but Allied forces were convinced that Mengele was dead, which was also claimed by Irene and the family in Günzburg. In 1959, after suspicions had grown that he was still alive, given his divorce from Irene in 1955 and his marriage to Martha in 1958, a warrant of arrest was issued by the German authorities. Subsequently, German attorneys, such as Fritz Bauer, Israel's Mossad, and private investigators like Simon Wiesenthal and Beate Klarsfeld followed the trail of the "Angel of Death." The last confirmed sightings of Mengele placed him in Paraguay, and it was believed that he was still hiding there, protected by Hans-Ulrich Rudel and dictator Alfredo Stroessner. Sightings of Mengele were reported all over the world, but they turned out to be false clues.
In 1985, the German police raided the house of Hans Sedlmeier in Günzburg and seized address books, letters and papers hinting at the grave in Embu. Mengele was exhumed in May 1985 and identified by forensic experts. Rolf Mengele issued a statement saying that he "had no doubt it was the remains of his father".[7] Everything was kept quiet "to protect those who knew him in South America", Rolf said. In 1992, a DNA test confirmed Mengele's identity. He had evaded capture for 34 years and was the subject of Ira Levin's best-selling novel and later film adaptation, The Boys from Brazil.
References
1. ^ a b The Holocaust history project
2. ^ Mengele's CV at Simon Wiesenthal Centre
3. ^ Essay by Robert Jay Lifton
4. ^ German article at shoa.de
5. ^ Ulrich Völklein: Mengele - Der Arzt von Auschwitz. Göttingen, 2001
6. ^ Ulrich Völklein: Mengele - Der Arzt von Auschwitz. Göttingen, 2001
7. ^ Ulrich Völklein: Mengele - Der Arzt von Auschwitz. Göttingen, 2001
Further reading
• Mengele - the complete story, Gerald Posner and John Ware, McGraw Hill Book Company, New York, 1986 ISBN 0-07-050598-5
• Miklos Nyiszli's At Last the Truth About Eichmann's Inferno Auschwitz and Auschwitz—A doctor’s eyewitness account describes his experience involuntary working for Mengele.
• The book Children of the Flames: Dr. Josef Mengele and the Untold Story of the Twins of Ausch by Lucette Matalon Lagado and Sheila Cohn Dekel is a collection of witness accounts pieced together in a biography of sorts about Dr. Mengele and his experiments.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article needs additional references or sources for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. (help, get involved!)
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Josef Mengele (March 16, 1911 – February 7, 1979), was a German SS officer and a physician in the German Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz-Birkenau. He gained notoriety chiefly for being one of the SS physicians who supervised the selection of arriving transports of prisoners, determining who was to be killed and who was to become a forced laborer, and for performing human experiments on camp inmates, amongst whom Mengele was known as the Angel of Death.
After the war, he first hid in Germany under an assumed name, then escaped and lived in South America, first in Argentina (until 1959) and finally in Brazil, where he accidentally drowned. This was confirmed using DNA testing on his remains.
Early years and career
Mengele was born in Günzburg, Bavaria, eldest of three sons of Karl Mengele (1881–1959), a well-to-do industrialist, and his wife Walburga Hupfauer (d. 1946). He had two younger brothers, Karl (1912–1949) and Alois (1914–1974).
In 1930, Mengele left Günzburg gymnasium (high school). He studied medicine and anthropology at the University of Munich, earning a doctorate in Anthropology (Ph.D.), supervised by Prof. Theodor Mollison, in 1935 with a dissertation on racial differences in the structure of the lower jaw. He worked as an assistant to Otmar von Verschuer at the Frankfurt University Institute of Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene. In 1938 he obtained a doctorate in medicine (M.D.) with a dissertation called "Familial Research on cleft lip and palate and Jaw." His belief in the Nazi racial ideology was already evident in his academic research.[1] The Universities of Munich and Frankfurt revoked his degrees in 1964.
In 1931, at the age of 20, Mengele joined the Stahlhelm, a paramilitary organization, which was incorporated into the SA in 1933. He resigned shortly thereafter, alluding to health problems. He applied for Nazi party membership in 1937 and in 1938 joined the SS.[2] In 1939, Mengele married his first wife, Irene Schönbein, with whom he had one child, a son named Rolf.
In 1940 he was placed in the reserve medical corps, following which he served with a Waffen-SS unit. In 1942 he was wounded at the Russian front and was pronounced medically unfit for combat, and promoted to the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer (Captain). During his service on the Eastern Front during 1941-1942, Mengele received the Iron Cross, both first class and second class, the Wound Badge in black, and the Eastern Front Medal.
Auschwitz
In 1943 Mengele replaced another doctor who had fallen ill at the Nazi extermination camp Birkenau. On May 24, 1943, he became medical officer of Auschwitz-Birkenau's "Gypsy camp." In August 1944, this camp was liquidated and all its inmates gassed. Subsequently Mengele became Chief Medical Officer of the main infirmary camp at Birkenau. He was not, though, the Chief Medical Officer of Auschwitz — superior to him was SS-Standortarzt (garrison physician) Eduard Wirths.
It was during his 21-month stay at Auschwitz that Mengele achieved infamy, and it is for this period that he is referred to as the Angel of Death. Mengele took turns with the other SS physicians at Auschwitz in meeting incoming prisoners at the ramp, determining who would be retained for work and who would be sent to the gas chambers immediately.[3]
Human experimentation
Mengele used Auschwitz as an opportunity to continue his research on heredity, using inmates for human experimentation. He was particularly interested in twins, who were selected and placed in special barracks. He also studied a disease called Noma, which particularly affected children from the Gypsy camp. While the cause of Noma remains relatively unknown, it is now known that it affects chiefly children suffering from malnutrition and a weak immune system, and many develop the disease shortly after having suffered another illness like measles or tuberculosis. Mengele tried to prove that Noma was caused by racial inferiority.[4]
Mengele took an interest in physical abnormalities discovered among the arrivals at the concentration camp. This included dwarves, notably the Ovitz family, a Jewish Romanian artist's family, seven of whose ten members were dwarves. Prior to their deportation they toured in Eastern Europe as the Lilliput Troupe. He often called them "my dwarf family"; to him they seemed to be the perfect expression of "the abnorm."
Mengele's experiments were of dubious scientific value, including attempts to change eye colour by injecting chemicals into children's eyes, various amputations of limbs and other brutal surgeries. Rena Gelissen's account of her time in Auschwitz details certain experiments performed on female prisoners around October 1943. During roll calls Mengele would show up to perform a "special work detail" selection, which fooled some into thinking that this would be a relief from the otherwise hard labour they were performing. Mengele would experiment on the chosen girls, performing sterilization and shock treatments. Most of the victims died, either due to the experiments or later infections.
A Hungarian Jewish prisoner doctor, Miklos Nyiszli, who was an experienced pathologist and had studied in Germany, was chosen to work as Mengele's assistant, and wrote about his experiences. The subjects of Mengele's research were better fed and housed than ordinary prisoners and were for the time being safe from the gas chambers. To Mengele they were nevertheless not fellow human beings, but rather material on which to conduct his experiments. On several occasions he killed subjects simply to be able to dissect them afterwards.[1]
After Auschwitz
When the SS abandoned the Auschwitz Death Camp on January 17, 1945, Mengele came to Groß Rosen camp in lower Silesia, again working as camp physician. Groß Rosen was dissolved in the end of February, when the Red Army was already very near. Mengele worked in other camps for a short time, and, on May 2, joined a Wehrmacht medical unit led by his former colleague at the Institute of Hereditary Biology and Racial Hygiene, Dr. Hans Otto Kahler, in Bohemia. The unit hurried west to avoid being captured by the Soviets and were taken as POWs by the Americans. Mengele, initially registered under his own name, was released in June 1945 with papers giving his name as "Fritz Hollmann." From July 1945 until May 1949, he worked as a farmhand in a small village near Rosenheim, Bavaria, staying in contact with his wife and his old friend Hans Sedlmeier. It was Sedlmeier who arranged Mengele's escape to Argentina via Innsbruck, Sterzing, Merano and Genova. Mengele may have been assisted by the ODESSA network.[5]
Mengele in South America
In Buenos Aires, Mengele at first worked as a construction worker, but came in contact with influential Germans soon, which allowed him an affluent lifestyle for the next years. He also got money from his family and from Sedlmeier. In Buenos Aires, he got to know other notorious Nazis such as Hans-Ulrich Rudel and Adolf Eichmann. In 1955, he bought a fifty per cent share of a pharmaceutical company, the same year he divorced from his wife, Irene. Three years later he married Martha Mengele, the widow of his younger brother Karl Jr.; she then came to Argentina with her then fourteen-year-old son, Dieter.
Although he was doing well in South America, Mengele feared being captured so he left Argentina in 1959 and moved to Paraguay after managing to get a Paraguayan passport on the name "Mengele José". Mengele hoped that Paraguay would be safer for him, as dictator Alfredo Stroessner was of German descent. Among other locations in Paraguay, he lived on the outskirts of Hohenau, a German colony in the department of Itapúa. His anxiety, however, haunted him, especially after he heard of the Mossad's abduction of Eichmann and the trial and execution in Israel. Using the identity of "Peter Hochbichler", he crossed the border to Brazil in 1960 and lived in São Paulo with the Austrian-born Neo-Nazi Wolfgang Gerhard, who was a member of Hans-Ulrich Rudel's "Kameradenwerk."
The same year, Mengele moved to Nova Europa, about three hundred kilometres (186 miles) outside São Paulo, where he lived with the Hungarian refugees Geza and Gitta Stammer, working as manager of their farm. In the seclusion of his Brazilian hideaway, Mengele became depressed, egomaniacal and aggressive, always fearing being captured. In 1974, when his relationship with the Stammer family was coming to an end, Rudel and Gerhard discussed relocating Mengele to Bolivia where he could spend time with Klaus Barbie, but Mengele rejected this proposal. Instead, he lived in a bungalow in a suburb of São Paulo for the last years of his life. In 1977, his only son Rolf, never having known his father before, visited him there and found an unrepentant Nazi who claimed he "had never personally harmed anyone in his whole life."[6]
Mengele, whose health had deteriorated for years, died on February 7, 1979, in Santos, Brazil, when he suffered a stroke while swimming in the sea. He was buried in Embu under the name "Wolfgang Gerhard," whose ID-card he had used since 1976.
The manhunt for Mengele
Mengele was listed on the Allies' list of war criminals as early as 1944, his name was mentioned in the Nuremberg trials several times, but Allied forces were convinced that Mengele was dead, which was also claimed by Irene and the family in Günzburg. In 1959, after suspicions had grown that he was still alive, given his divorce from Irene in 1955 and his marriage to Martha in 1958, a warrant of arrest was issued by the German authorities. Subsequently, German attorneys, such as Fritz Bauer, Israel's Mossad, and private investigators like Simon Wiesenthal and Beate Klarsfeld followed the trail of the "Angel of Death." The last confirmed sightings of Mengele placed him in Paraguay, and it was believed that he was still hiding there, protected by Hans-Ulrich Rudel and dictator Alfredo Stroessner. Sightings of Mengele were reported all over the world, but they turned out to be false clues.
In 1985, the German police raided the house of Hans Sedlmeier in Günzburg and seized address books, letters and papers hinting at the grave in Embu. Mengele was exhumed in May 1985 and identified by forensic experts. Rolf Mengele issued a statement saying that he "had no doubt it was the remains of his father".[7] Everything was kept quiet "to protect those who knew him in South America", Rolf said. In 1992, a DNA test confirmed Mengele's identity. He had evaded capture for 34 years and was the subject of Ira Levin's best-selling novel and later film adaptation, The Boys from Brazil.
References
1. ^ a b The Holocaust history project
2. ^ Mengele's CV at Simon Wiesenthal Centre
3. ^ Essay by Robert Jay Lifton
4. ^ German article at shoa.de
5. ^ Ulrich Völklein: Mengele - Der Arzt von Auschwitz. Göttingen, 2001
6. ^ Ulrich Völklein: Mengele - Der Arzt von Auschwitz. Göttingen, 2001
7. ^ Ulrich Völklein: Mengele - Der Arzt von Auschwitz. Göttingen, 2001
Further reading
• Mengele - the complete story, Gerald Posner and John Ware, McGraw Hill Book Company, New York, 1986 ISBN 0-07-050598-5
• Miklos Nyiszli's At Last the Truth About Eichmann's Inferno Auschwitz and Auschwitz—A doctor’s eyewitness account describes his experience involuntary working for Mengele.
• The book Children of the Flames: Dr. Josef Mengele and the Untold Story of the Twins of Ausch by Lucette Matalon Lagado and Sheila Cohn Dekel is a collection of witness accounts pieced together in a biography of sorts about Dr. Mengele and his experiments.
Monday, September 10, 2007
When You Love Someone....
When you love someone - you'll do anything
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you'll shoot the moon - put out the sun
when you love someone
you'll deny the truth - believe a lie
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but your lonely nights - have just begun
when you love someone
when you love someone - you'll feel it deep inside
and nothin else can ever change your mind
when you want someone - when you need someone
when you need someone...
when you love someone - you'll sacrifice
you'd give it everything you got and you won't think twice
you'd risk it all - no matter what my come
when you love someone
you'll shoot the moon - put out the sun
when you love someone
you'll do all the crazy things that you can't explain
you'll shoot the moon - put out the sun
when you love someone
you'll deny the truth - believe a lie
there'll be times that you'll believe you can really fly
but your lonely nights - have just begun
when you love someone
when you love someone - you'll feel it deep inside
and nothin else can ever change your mind
when you want someone - when you need someone
when you need someone...
when you love someone - you'll sacrifice
you'd give it everything you got and you won't think twice
you'd risk it all - no matter what my come
when you love someone
you'll shoot the moon - put out the sun
when you love someone
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